El verbo negativo.

El verbo inglés en negativo.

Sujeto + do / does / did + not (contraídos a don't, doesn't, didn't) + infinitivo del verbo.

Ejemplos:

We don't like eating out
(no nos gusta comer fuera);

It doesn't rain much here
(no llueve mucho aquí);

She didn't ring me yesterday
(no me llamó ayer).

El verbo negativo inglés no permite doble negaciones:

~~He doesn't like no sweet things;~~

~~He never watches nothing on the TV;~~

~~She can't speak to nobody.~~

Estas frases se consideran afirmativas, es decir, si ella NO habla con NADIE, quiere decir que habla con ALGUIEN. Esto puede ser difícil de entender para los españoles porque el doble negativo sí se permite en español.

Las versiones correctas de estas frases son:

He doesn't like (any*) sweet things
(no le gustan las cosas dulces);

He never watches *anything on TV
(nunca ve nada en la tele);

She can't speak to *anybody
(No puede hablar con nadie).

La palabra any se considera una palabra afirmativa.

Los verbos to be, to have y los verbos auxiliares.

La negación de los verbos to be, to have (tener) y los auxiliares modales es:

Sujeto + verbo + not.

Ejemplos:

I am very hungry = I am (I'm not very hungry);

He has a pen = he has not (hasn't) a pen (o, he hasn't got a pen o he doesn't have a pen);

You have a pencil = You have not (haven't) a pencil;

I was angry = I was not (wasn't) angry;

You were there = You were not (weren't) there;

He had a nice house = he had not (hadn't) a nice house (o, he hadn't got a nice house o he didn't have a nice house).

Formas contraídas del verbo to be

El verbo to be se puede contraer de más de una manera en la forma negativa en el presente. Las posibilidades son:

I am not = I'm not;

You are not = you're not o you aren't;

He / she / it is not = he's / she's / it's not o he / she / it isn't;

We are not = we're not o we aren't;

They are not = they're not o they aren't.

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